Some people probably consider that having to focus a camera is a rather tiresome procedure from which auto focus cameras have freed them. In fact the ability of a camera to select and control the areas of an image that are recorded sharply and those that are blurred is a valuable creative tool.
•When we use small apertures, the depth of field, or band of sharp focus, is relatively broad, particularly with short-focal-length lenses.
•With lenses of longer focal length and with wide apertures, however the depth of field become narrow and it is possible to create bold distinctions between the parts of the image that are sharp and those which are not.
•This technique can be used to make certain parts of a subject stand out clearly from the rest of the image.
•Out of focus foregrounds can be used just as imaginatively as blurred backgrounds, as when shooting through a soft screen of foliage to a distant landscape or building.
•When both distant objects and close foreground details are included in the frame, instead of allowing parts of the image to be un-sharp it can be effective to reverse the technique.
•Select a very small aperture when a wide-angle lens is used. Pictures taken in this way bitingly sharp details throughout the image can be powerful impact.
Seeing an image in terms of how it can be focused most effectively is simply a question of being aware of the various possibilities and recognising the best ways in which it can be enhance a picture.
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